管道常用术语与英语代号

在引进装置、涉外及中外合资技术改造工程的技术资料中，经常要接触到英语单词。由于管道安装涉及多项工程技术，而不从属于任何一项工程技术分支，故其技术性质有一定特殊性，不少英语词汇是在实践中逐渐形成的，借助一般科技英汉词典有时也难以找到它们的确切含意。现将管道安装工程中出现较多的单词整理列出，如果能熟悉这些单词，对阅英文图纸能收到事半功倍的效果。

一、专业名词术语

设计图layout; design

毛重gross weight

施工图final

净重net weight

平面图plan

支座saddle

立面图elevation

支架support

轴测图、透视图isometric drawing; detail drawing

吊架cradle

详图、大样图、接点图record drawing

间距distance; clearance; spacing

修改图竣工图as-completed drawing; as-built drawing

跨距span

图名title

焊接welding

图号drawn No.

焊缝weld; welding seam; bead

比例scale

石棉水泥接口asbestos-cement joint

温度temperature

青铅接口lead joint

设计温度design temperature

承口、大头hub; bell; socket

湿度humidity

插口、小头spigot

流量flow

压力试验pressure test

流速flow velocity

水压试验hydraulic test

摄氏温度centigrade scale(℃)

渗漏leakage

华氏温度Fahrenheit scale(°F)

关闭close

公称直径nominal diameter(DN)

型号、类型type; model

外径outside diameter(OD)

尺寸、体积size; volume

内径inside diameter(ID)

功率power

一览表list; breviate; catalogue

转速rotating speed

重量weight

二、材料设备镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe

溢流管overflow pipe

焊接钢管welded steel pipe

循环管circulation pipe

无缝钢管seamless steel pipe

放水管ajutage

不锈钢管stainless steel pipe

煤气管gas pipe

铸铁给水管cast iron pipe for water

压缩空气管compressed air pipe

铸铁排水管cast iron pipe for waste

液化石油气管LPG pipe

铜管copper pipe

氧气管O2 pipe

聚氯乙烯塑料管PVC pipe

乙炔管C2H2 pipe

硬聚氯乙烯塑料管UPVC pipe

真空管vacuum pipe

陶土管、缸瓦管vitrified pipe

地下管道underground pipe

预应力混凝土管prestressed concrete pipe

顶管jacking

螺纹连接管道screwed pipe; thread pipe

埋深placing depth

套管、保护管casing pipe; casing protected pipe

管沟trench

管道附件pipe auxiliaries

管道工plumber

阀门valve

安装install; erect; fit; fix

手动阀manually operated valve

安装工程installation

气动阀pneumatically operated valve

组装make-up; assemble

电磁阀electromagnetically operated valve

热水采暖hot water heating

电动阀electrically operated valve

蒸汽采暖steam heating

闸阀gate valve

自动消防系统automatic fire system

截止阀break valve

喷水灭火系统sprinker system

止回阀、单向阀check valve; back-pressure valve

埋设、暗敷built-in

球阀globe valve; ball cock

总管main pipe

减压阀pressure reducing valve

立管stack; riser

疏水阀steam trap

横管horizontal

安全阀safety valve

水平管horizontal

浮球阀float valve

支管branch pipe

角阀angle valve

向上去to above (T/A)

蝶阀butterfly valve

向下去to below (T/B)

底阀、吸水阀foot valve

坐标coordinates

过滤器strainer; filter

绝对标高absolute elevation;absolute level

水嘴、龙头tap

相对标高relative elevation;relative level

冲洗阀flush valve

坡度slope

旁通阀by-pass valve

找中心centring

旋塞cock; plug cock

安装误差installation deviation

管件pipe fitting

绝对压力absolute pressure

马铁配件mitis iron fittings

相对压力relative pressure

弯头elbow

设计压力design pressure

三通Tee
操作压力operating pressure
四通cross盲板、法兰盖blind

补芯、内外丝bushing

垫片gasket

管接头coupler; socket

螺栓bolt

活接头、由任union

螺母nut

异径管、大小头reducer

盘根、密封填料packing

短接头、对丝nipple

软管接头connection

锁母、纳子nut

U形螺丝、U形轧头stirrup

管堵、塞头plug

洗脸盆、面盆washbasin; lavatory

套筒、套袖sleeve

大便器、马桶closet; water closet; lavatory bowl

弯管bend 浴缸bath tub

乙字管offset

小便斗urinal

U形弯close return bend

莲蓬头、淋浴器shower; shower nozzle

法兰flange

地漏floor drain

设计design

存水弯siphon trap; trap; running trap

校对check

卫生设备plumbing fixture; sanitary fitting

专业负责人chief

水泵pump

设计总负责人project chief

水塔water tower

投标tender; bid

水表disc meter; rating meter

概算budget estimate

离心泵centrifugal pump

预算(表)budget

消火栓、消防龙头fire hydrant; fire plug

决算actual budget

室内消火栓indoor fire hydrant

规范、标准、准则code; standard

室外消火栓outdoor fire hydrant

底层ground floor(英); first floor(美)

地上消火栓post fire hydrant

二层first floor(英); second floor(美)

地下消火栓flush fire hydrant

三层second floor(英); third floor(美)

消防箱fire box

锅炉房boiler room

泡沫灭火器foam fire extinguisher

泵房pump room

卤代烷灭火器halon fire extinguisher

楼上upstairs

二氧化碳灭火器CO2 fire extinguisher

楼下downstairs

干粉灭火器powder fire extinguisher

夹层mezzanine

清水灭火器plain water fire extinguisher

地下室basement; cellar

消防器材five apparatus;fire-fight extinguisher

顶层groof; ceiling; top floor

报警器warning

卧室、起居室bed room; living room

水箱tank

盥洗间lavatory

锅炉boiler

厕所toilet

补偿器、膨胀节compensator; expander

浴室bathroom

散热器(片)radiator

厨房kitchen

加热器heater

技术要求specification

热交换器heat exchanger

外观检查visual inspection

人孔man hole; hatch

验收、认可accept; acceptance

空调器air conditioner

现场site; job site, working site

煤气表gas meter

工期completion period

煤气灶gas cooker

扫地出门job clean up

绝缘跨接导线bridle wire

竣工complete

冷凝器condenser

进水管inlet pipe

油分离器oil separator

出水管outlet pipe

防锈漆rust protection paint

上水管water pipe;feed water;water supply

保温层insulation; insulator

下水管drain pipe; waste pipe

压力表pressure gauge

废水管waste pipe

温度计temperature gauge; thermometer

粪便污水管soil pipe, sewer pipe

液位计level gauge; level indicator

透气管vent pipe

下水窨井drain well

雨水管storm drain pipe; storm sewer

污水窨井sewer man-hole

冷水管cold water pipe

化粪池septic tank; anaerobic tank

热水管hot water pipe

阀门井valve well

蒸气管steam pipe

冷冻水管freezing water pipe

冷凝水管condensate pipe

回水管return water pipe

冷却水管cooling water pipe

Crossover: 跨越；跨桥

Brass Comp F: BRASS COMPRESSION FITTINGS 黄铜卡套配件

Socket: 插座

Brass Comp N: brass compression nut 黄铜卡套螺母

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管道常用术语与英语代号